Aspects of spending in Africa in the era of the Obaids and Zirids( 909-1148AD / 296-543AH )

Abstract

The research deals with a phenomenon that is one of the most important manifestations associated with the wheel of the history of peoples throughout the ages. It considers multiple aspects of spending represented by government expenditures. among the important criteria by which the success and progress of countries are measured in all fields of life. whether political, economic or social Given the importance of spending standards, peoples must benefit from the experiences of previous nations, correct the mistakes and slips made by their predecessors, leave the butter that goes dry and take from it what remains in the earth. As for the foam, it vanishes, [being] cast off; but as. for that which benefits the people, it remains on the earth. Thus does. Allah present examples Surah AR- RAAD /Thunder 17)