The permanent military forces in the Ottoman Empire ( Its sections, and functions ) From the first half of BC 14 to the first half of BC 19

Abstract

<> The research deals with a modern military system inherited by the Ottoman Empire from the armies of the Islamic conquests that preceded it. Although this system appears to be an organized force capable of securing the country to which it belongs in times of peace and war, its secrets are not entirely clear. Meaning, is it an organized army in the newly known formula? Or is it a group of warriors who were gathered at the time of war and then dismissed? Both Turkish researchers and orientalists gathered that it was an organized army, which was pre-formed, but due to some circumstances that the Ottoman state went through since its formation, it contributed to the formation of the Ottoman army, which consisted of A group of warriors fight to survive in the safe places they came looking for and found in Anatolia, the invasion for a comfortable life, then the conquests in order to raise the flag of Islam, and fight its enemies. But when Sultan Orkhan bin Othman (1324-1362 AD) took over the rule of the Ottoman Empire, he managed to transform the group of warriors from a force gathered at wartime into permanent forces. In addition to that, the Janissary army was built during the reign of Sultan Murad I (1362-1389 AD), which consisted of Children of Christians who are gathered from Christian villages, especially from the conquest areas in the Balkans, where Christian villages abound. As a result of its many conquests, and the multiplicity of its services, the state relied heavily on the army, which led the state to classify its army and organize it according to its work. Which earned the state widespread fame, and the respect of the side became feared by all countries during its golden age - from the fourteenth century until the early seventeenth century - and weakness began to affect it in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, so the Ottoman state weakened with the weakness of its army.