Abstract... Urinary tract catheterization is wildly used to admit patients and recognized as a risk factor predispose to urinary tract infection (UTI). Different pathogenic bacterial species were found associated with UTI and Urinary catheterization. This study aimed to identify contaminated bacterial species of internal, external urinary catheter parts and urinary bags, as well as their susceptibility profiles to the most commonly used antimicrobial agents.
Fifty-one patients admitted to Alnokhpah private hospital in Misurata city were included in this study (51 samples of urinary catheter internal part (UCIP), urinary catheter external part (UCEP), and Urinary bag). Aseptically collected samples were sent to the hospital microbiology lab and bacterial species were identified according to standard microbiology methods and their susceptibility to antimicrobials estimated by disk diffusion test.
Of 153 sample collected, 81 (53%) showed bacterial colony growth, whereas 28% were polymicrobial and 72% monomicrobial cultures. Total bacterial isolates obtained from 81 positive cultures were 106 (49 Gram-positive and 72 were gram-negative). The most common identified species was Enterococcus faecalis 25.8%. High resistance reported in gram negative isolates collection, however the most effective antimicrobial was AMK 30%. Acinetobacter baumannii was 100% resistant to all tested antimicrobials. Gram positive isolates showed extreme resistance against E 98%, CRO 90%, and CTT 88%.
Contamination of urinary catheter with pathogenic bacterial species preload to UTI. The High contamination rate of urinary catheter in this study reveals the risk to preload to UTI. Gram positive and negative isolates showed high resistance against tested antimicrobial agents which enhance treatment challenges.
Abstract... The objective of this study is to assess the impact of behavioral factors on the behavior of the accounting information maker when presenting the financial reports.
To achieve this goal, the researchers conducted a field study on commercial banks listed in the Libyan capital market, through the design and distribution of the questionnaire list to the category of financial reporting in the banks under investigation and analysis, which includes the categories of senior management, and two middle management, Therefore, the data were collected through those groups working in those banks, and analyzed using a package of statistical methods, the study has reached a set of results, the most important of which is the presence of a significant influence of the behavioral factors of the financial reporters on the level of transparency of disclosure of this information. Accordingly, the study recommends the necessity of developing awareness of the importance of studying the behavioral factors of the financial reporting authors and studying their impact on the level of transparency of disclosure in emerging financial markets in general and the Libyan capital market in particular.