Printing ISSN2708-857X
Online ISSN 2708-8588
Online ISSN 2708-8588
Abstract... The effect of reduced (conservation) and conventional (intensive) tillage systems on some physical soil properties and its productivity was studied on the slopes of Al-Haniyah. The experiment was carried out in an agricultural area in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar region. Barley crop was cultivated under the influence of four different tillage systems with the addition of mineral and organic fertilizers. Soil samples were taken from all plots to estimate some physical soil properties. Collection basins were established at the end of the main plots to intercept surface runoff, in order to compare the different tillage systems in terms of their impact on soil erosion rates. The study did not find a significant difference between the used tillage systems in affecting the bulk density, moisture content, porosity and infiltration rate, however, conventional tillage had a significant role in reducing soil resistance to penetration. On the other hand, fertilization treatments (mineral - organic) recorded positive significant effects compared to the control treatment in affecting these characteristics. The study recorded a relative increase in plant height, biological and economic weight of the crop, as well as the thousand-grain weight index under the intensive tillage systems compared to the reduced tillage. The study found significant differences in soil loss by water erosion under the different tillage systems. The recorded losses were twice as high with the conventional intensive tillage compared to the reduced tillage. This proves one of the important hypotheses of this research, which is the important role that soil conservation tillage can play in preserving shallow degraded slopes from erosion and improving soil depth and properties over time.
Abstract... A pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of biochar adding rates on some properties of sandy soil planted with wheat germ. Plastic pots with a capacity of 7 kg of soil were used in the experiment. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design, with three replicates for each treatment, and biochar was added at adding rates of 0.0, 7.29, 21.87, and 36.45 grams/7 kg of soil, equivalent to 0.0, 5.0, 15.0, and 25.0 t/ha. The results showed that adding biochar led to an improvement in the properties of sandy soil, represented by an increase in the soil’s ability to retain water at field capacity. There was also an increase in the percentage of total soil porosity values and a decrease in bulk density values with increasing rates of adding biochar. The adding of biochar rates also significantly affected the degree of electrical conductivity, the ability of the soil to exchange ketones, and the soil content of organic matter. The results also showed that the highest availability of the elements "nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium" was found at the addition rate (25.0) t/ha.
Abstract... The research was conducted during the spring semester of 2008 for four months at private farm in the municipality of Qaser Ben ghashir, South of Tripoli to study the influence of thermal and hormonal treatment on the duration of storage of four varieties of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cuttings inside the greenhouse, The four varieties that have been evaluated were (Americana, Farida, Felice, solar). The cuttings were treated with auxin growth regulators Indole 3-butyrie acid (IBA) and Naphthdene acetic acid (NAA) at concentration of 200 ppm where cuttings base were submerged for 5 seconds while the control was treated with distilled water, then placed in polyethylene bags and kept in the fridge at two different degrees 0˚C and 3˚C for four storage intervals ranging from (30, 60, 90, 120 days), then the cuttings implanted at a rate of 120 cutting/category. One of the most important traits studied in this experiment were rooting percentage, average number of roots and the average length of the roots (cm), and average total, vegetative wet and dry weight (g). The experiment was designed by dissident sectors system three times (Split-Split-Split Plot Design), where the coefficients fixed by laying of storage period mode in key sectors (Main-Plots ), and the storage temperature in the first dissident sectors (Sub-Plots) and the growth regulators in the second dissident sectors (Sub-Sub-Plots) and varieties in the third dissident sectors (Sub-Sub-Sub-Plots). The coefficients were distributed randomly so that every treatment contains five experimental units (5 replicates) and each replicate contains two carnation cuttings. The results showed that there is no significant difference between first three storage periods (30, 60 and 90 days) and all were highly significant than the fourth period (120 days), all overtook the fourth storage duration significantly (120 days), however, the second storage period for cuttings overtook the other durations. The variety Farida overtook significantly on all varieties examined in all qualities especially the average number and length of roots and average of vegetative wet and dry weights. While the treatments of both growth regulators were significantly higher than the control with no differences between both growth regulators. However, Farida gave significantly higher results than the other three varieties (Solar, Felice and Americano) when cuttings were stored at 0°C also storing of cuttings for 60 days was better with no significant difference between the effect of the two growth regulators NAA and IBA. In conclusion, this study showed that Farida variety got the highest results and the growth regulator NAA gave the best results with storage period of 60 days at a temperature of 0° C
Abstract... Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the oldest domesticated crops that is cultivated globally. However, drought is one of the major limitations to barley production in arid and semi- arid regions, so the development of drought tolerant genotypes is an issue of global concern to ensure food security. The present study was conducted to investigate barley genotypes in response to drought stress to find out the tolerant genotypes. Therefore, eight barley genotypes include (Acsad 176, Wadi Mymon, Rayhan3, Wadi Zart, California, Neboula1, Beecher, and Wadi Alhay) were subjected to drought stress at heading stage. A filed experiment was conducted in randomized complete design (RCD) with three replications. Three different treatments were applied which were: control (normal condition), moderate drought stress and severe drought stress). The drought stress was initiated by withholding of water for 2 and 3 weeks for moderate and severe drought stress respectively. The result showed that all growth and yield trait were significantly (P<.001) altered in all genotypes under severe drought stress conditions. However, spike number plant-1, grain number spike-1 grain yield and harvest index, were significantly higher in California, Acsad and Rayhan3 genotypes than those in the rest of barley genotypes included in this study, particularly under severe drought stress conditions. Overall, the interaction between drought stress and genotypes was significant (p<0.05), as some genotypes were achieved higher grain yield under severe drought stress. These genotypes may labeled as drought tolerant genotypes and may suggested for cultivation in drought stress regions.
Abstract... Grape varieties (Vitis vinifera), including Zweiteneh (Black Magic), Frawlah (Red Globe), Mawshah (Prima), Bnati Seedless (Seedless), Avonzo (Alphonse), and Cardinal, were tested in this study. Clones were collected from various regions in southern Lebanon. The grapevines were initially planted in sterilized sandy soil for one year and then transferred to plastic bags (5 cubic feet) in the second year as seedlings. These seedlings were inoculated with nematodes (juveniles + eggs) at tolerance levels for the plants, i.e., (200 eggs + second stage juveniles/100 grams of soil).Throughout this period, growth parameters such as shoot length, leaf count, shoot diameter, leaf number, branch count, and tendrils were measured. After approximately 100 days, data were collected and analyzed based on fresh and dry weights for both shoot and root growth. The final nematode population density for all varieties was also determined. Statistical analyses were performed. Results showed that Zweiteneh and Frawlah exhibited higher growth rates compared to the other tested varieties. Additionally, the nematode multiplication rates on these two varieties were lower compared to the others. Therefore, Zweiteneh is considered the optimal choice for nematode tolerance, followed by Frawlah, while other varieties showed lower tolerance levels.
Abstract... This study investigated the effect of cutting date on the rooting of hardwood stem cuttings of apple rootstocks MM106 and MM111. Hardwood cuttings were taken from MM106 and MM111 apple rootstocks at three different dates: November 25, 2015 (first date), December 25, 2015 (second date), and January 25, 2016 (third date). The experiment was a completely randomized design with three replicates of 10 cuttings each. The data were analyzed, and means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test at 5%.Cuttings taken on the second date showed a higher percentage of rooting, number, and fresh and dry weight of roots than cuttings taken on the first and third dates. MM106 was superior to MM111 in all studied root growth properties. The highest rooting percentage (60.88%) was obtained from MM106 rootstock on the second date.
Abstract... This study was conducted to explore and diagnose the main obstacles causing the low productivity of citrus fields and to verify the efficiency of agricultural operations carried out by farmers, in the western region of the coastal strip in Libya, where most of the citrus plantings are concentrated. The study was done in the period 2020-2022 and concluded that the average area of the citrus fields included in the study is 2.5 ha. The average productivity of Libyan citrus fields in the western region was 18.9 tons/ha, and the average number of trees per unit area was 403 trees/ha. Most of the citrus fields included in the study had a soil texture between sandy-to-sandy loam, and the average content of salts for the water used to irrigate the studied fields was 1279 ppm. The location of the bud union was at the soil surface level or below the soil surface in 65.3% of the citrus plantings, but it had no effect on the productivity of the trees. The correlation between the degree of pruning and productivity per unit area was -0.3, where the greater the intensity of pruning, the lower the productivity. Only 72% of the citrus fields received an amount of mineral fertilizer, while 28% of the fields did not receive any kind of mineral fertilizer. The results of the data analysis showed a correlation between productivity and mineral fertilization of 0.4, while 59% of the fields included in the study were getting organic fertilization from animal barn waste, in varying quantities, while 41% did not get any kind of organic fertilization, and the productivity correlation was with organic fertilization 0.3.
Abstract... This study aims to evaluate the soils of Al Suwaa region in Sirt city, covering an area of 5000 hectares, and determine the overall production capacity and suitability for cultivation of selected crops. A calculation method was used, represented by the standard summation method to estimate the final amount of land factor on olive and wheat crops. The results showed that the soils of the study area are suitable for cultivation of all selected crops to varying degrees. The overall production capacity was classified into two ranks, namely highly suitable soil rank (S1), and moderately suitable soil rank (S2). The best crop for cultivation was olive, where the suitability for cultivation was classified into two ranks, namely highly suitable soils (S1) for an area of 1094.46 hectares, constituting 21.86% of the total study area, and moderately suitable soils (S2) for an area of 3911.51 hectares constituting 78.14% of the total area. Then, wheat crop was ranked according to suitability, where the suitability degree was classified into two ranks: highly suitable soil rank (S1) for an area of 110.80 hectares, constituting 2.21% of the total area, and moderately suitable soil rank (S2) for an area of 4895.43 hectares constituting 97.79% of the total area.
Abstract... This study was conducted to find out the specifications of the imported Mullus Barbatus and Boops boops fish that are marketed in the city of Tripoli and compare them to local fish of the same two species that were caught from the sea coast of the city of Zliten. Where we was studied some heavy metals (cadmium Cd, lead Pb, copper Cu and mercury Hg) were estimated in these fishes. The results of the study showed in the frozen Mullus Barbatus samples exceeded that of the local Mullus Barbatus fish samples. which were (0.128, 0.588, 0.929, 0.219) %, respectively. While the results showed a decrease in the level of contamination of local Mullus Barbatus fish with these minerals, as they were ( 0.015, 0.284, 0.415, 0.801 ) % respectively. With regard to heavy metal contamination, the results showed that the concentration of copper and mercury was higher in the imported Boops boops samples than the local ones, and they were, respectively, 2.646 and 0.348 percent. While in the local Boops fish samples, the results of these minerals were (1.576, 0.234) % respectively, while the value of lead element concentration in the local and imported Boops boops fish samples was equal and was 0.558 while the amount of cadmium contamination in local Boops boops fish was higher than the imported one, as it was 0.450% in local Boops boops samples and 0.042 % in imported Boops boops fish samples.
Abstract... The experiment was carried out in agricultural and pastoral areas of Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar in eastern Libya, in the areas of Marawa, Al-Masaylaba - Madur Al-Zaitoun, and Al-Qadida. The study aimed to compare the effect of topography and land use on soil erosion rates. Eight slopes were selected in each area, with a total of 24 different slopes in terms of slope intensity (moderate, gentle) and vegetation cover (natural, cultivated). Soil samples were taken from each slope with three replicates to estimate soil texture, soil structure, bulk density, moisture content, organic matter, calcium carbonate, pH, and electrical conductivity. Some field measurements were also conducted for each slope, such as soil depth, infiltration rate, slope length, slope intensity, slope shape, slope direction, and vegetation cover ratio. The study did not find a significant difference between moderate and gentle slopes in terms of their physical and chemical properties, as only relative differences were recorded. Similarly, the study did not find a clear difference between natural vegetation and cultivated lands in terms of their soil properties, as only relative differences were recorded, with a preference for agricultural lands in terms of organic matter and infiltration rate. The annual soil loss rate was also calculated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation for the study slopes, and the study found that annual soil loss rates were higher on moderate slopes than on gentle slopes. As for soil loss rates with different vegetation cover, the study found that annual soil loss rates were higher on agricultural land than on natural vegetation land.
Abstract... This field experiment was carried out at the farm of Misurata Agricultural Research Station during 2005/2006 season to study the effect of different salinity levels of irrigation water on the yield of garden cress (lepidium sativum L). In this study, the crop was irrigated with three types of water, its electrical conductivity (ECw): 2.0 (W1), 6.5 (W2) and 10.0 (W3) dS/m. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used, where water salinity treatments were randomly distributed with 3 replications on 9 plots of 16 m2 each. Total above ground biomass, grain yield, thousand kernel weight, harvest index and water productivity were recorded. Data were statically analyzed by general linear model of SPSS. Also, electrical conductivity of saturated soil paste extract (ECe) was measured pre-planting and post-harvest. Results showed that W3 caused significant declines (at 5 % significant level) in each of: grain yield (P = 0.039), harvest index (P = 0.006) and water productivity (P = 0.039) compared to W1 treatment. However, no significant differences were recorded for all other measured traits between all other water salinity levels (P>0.05). Regarding the impact of water treatments on soil salinity, the results of the Paired Samples T-test showed that W1 caused a very significant decrease in post-harvesting ECe of the surface soil layer 0-20 cm compared to pre-planting ECe values (P = 0.002) while the decrease was not significant in the subsequent layers. W2 did not significantly affect the ECe of all soil layers (P>0.05). Also, in the regard of W3 treatment, there was a significant increase in soil salinity in the upper layer 0-20 cm (P = 0.049) and a non-significant increase in the next layer of 20-40 cm, while there was a non-significant decrease in salinity in the last two layers (P>0.05). This study concluded that it is possible to save about 50% of fresh irrigation water by using relatively saline water to obtain good grain yield of garden cress, if sufficient rainfall or fresh irrigation water is available in order to leach salts from the root zone, prevent salt accumulation and mitigate soil degradation.
Abstract... Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the main vegetable crops in Libya due to its nutritional value. Four experiments were carried out in the spring and autumn seasons with randomized complete blook Desighn (RCBD) at Al-Jafara Plain Station for Agricultural Research at Al-Zahra, in order to study the effect of fertilization rates of macro-elements on incidence and severity of black scurf disease caused by (Rhizoctonia solani kühn) and crop yield under natural field infestation conditions. Potatoes were fertilized by hand with levels of (NPK). At full maturity, produced tubers were harvested, weighed to calculate the total production, and 100 tubers were randomly examined to estimate the incidence and severity percentage of infection with black scurf disease. Soil analysis at the experimental site indicated that it was poor in nitrogen, organic matter, potassium, and cation exchange capacity, and was very suitable for growing potatoes due to its physical properties. Our results showed that there was a variation in productivity when fertilizing with increasing amounts of NPK.The fungus (R. solani) was isolated from the soil, which led to the presence of black scurf symptoms on produced tubers at all levels of NPK. Percentage disease incidence was very low. The results showed the highest disease incidence was on Spunta cultivar (25.1%) at 60 kg/ha level of nitrogen fertilization, while the severity index was (30.4%) on Atlas cultivar at a rate of 100 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer. The incidence and severity of black scurf on the produced tubers was 1.34%, 0.4% at 100, 100, 80 kg /h of (NPK) during the autumn season (2007). The incidence and severity were similar in all fertilizer rates, with a significant increase in productivity at spring and, autumn (2008) and, spring (2009) seasons. Fertilization with macronutrients (NPK) to increase productivity, improve tuber marketablity and, controlling black scurf disease need further studeis with addition of trace elements that have a direct effect on productivity, tuber quality and, enhance shoot and tuber resistance to control black scurf disease
Abstract... Random fruit samples were collected from three selected local markets in Misurata city (Mnekaush Market, Zawia Market, and Qasr Ahmed Market) and detected the fungi infecting fruits using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. The results showed that the isolated fungi from these markets are (Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria alternate, Cladosporium sp., Rhizopus sp., Fusarium oxysporum). Samples were transferred to the Microbiology Laboratory at the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Misurata University. The total number of fruit samples was (120) samples, (30) samples for each type of fruit and in triplicates. The results showed that (92) fungal isolates were isolated, with a total percentage appearance of fungal isolates of (76.7%) The highest percentage of fungal isolates was Penicillium sp. in pears and apples at (78.6, 51.8%) respectively. The number of isolates of this fungus were Pears (22) isolates and Apples (14) isolates. There was a variation in the appearance of fungal isolates for the selected fruit types. The lowest fungal appearance percentage was in banana fruits, with a total of 8 fungal isolates for this fruit.
Abstract... Data collected from 2681 first lactation records of Holstein Friesian cows between 1986 to 2009 from Ghot-sultan farm, 35 km south east of Benghazi.The objectives of study were to estimate genetic parameters and breeding values for milk production and some reproductive traits. The statistical model used to analysis data was included season, year as fixed effect and season year interaction as random effect and lactation period and age at first calving as covariate. Animal model was used to estimate genetic parmeter and breeding values. The mean of milk yield (MY), lactation period (LP), dry period (DP), Age at first calving (AFC), days open (DO) and calving interval (CI) were: 8195.8, 341.8, 74.9, 28.6, 138.9 and 417.8, respectively. Heritability estimates for MY, LP, DP, AFC, DO and CI were: 0.28, 0.42, 0.31, 0.25, 0.08 and 0.09, respectively. The genetic correlations were generally low between AFC and all other traits, whereas, between LP and other traits were medium to high. DP was negatively correlated with MY. DO and CI was highly correlated and medium correlated with MY. The range of of positive breeding values BV for MY were 0.56 to 2511 and represent 47.77%, whereas, negative BV -1.40 to -2230 and represent 53.23%. All other traits showed both positive and negative BV and nearly to half. Although, the Holstein Friesian cattle kept for long term, they still showed genetic variability which indicate more improvement can be achieved.
Abstract... Some indicators and field and laboratory methods were used to estimate and compare soil erosion by winds south of the city of Sirte, in the three directions southeast, south and southwest. The study was carried out in 18 sites, including 6 sites with irrigated agricultural, 6 other sites with rainfed agricultural and pastoral activity, and 6 last sites were arid pastoral lands with bare soils, in each of which there were 3 sites of very slight slope and 3 other sites with a slight to Medium slope .Soil samples were taken for all sites to estimate some soil properties, and a sand trap experiment was conducted to identify the prevailing sizes of sand in the sediment. The study also used the experimental equation to estimate soil loss due to wind erosion to achieve comparisons between areas.The results showed that the study lands suffer from high susceptibility to wind erosion, as the soils were characterized by low content of clay, silt, and organic matter, and soil aggregates greater than 0.5 mm, with a significant increase in the percentage of sand.The study found that soil erosion by wind on arid lands was twice as high compared to irrigated agricultural lands, according to the following order: arid > rain-fed > irrigated lands. Also, soil wind erosion on sloped lands were relatively higher than on flat lands. Soil characteristics, vegetation density and land slope played an important role in wind erosion susceptibility. The study classified areas south of Sirte as having high and very high risks of wind erosion, which requires special measures to stabilize the soil and preserve lands and develop monitoring and evaluation processes for wind erosion using field monitoring techniques and laboratory measurements and expanding the use of digital technologies.
Abstract... The study was couducted to test the inhibitory activity of Alcoholic extracts of three types of medicinal plants (Thyme vulgaris, Peganum harmala and Zingiber officinal (with different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) on growth of Asprgillus niger The results were compared fungal antibiotic (Ketoconazole). The Alcoholic extract of Thyme vulgaris samples gave complete inhibition (100%) againts A. niger, at the concentration of 100 mg/ml, while the inhibition percentage at ketoconazole were (80%).
Abstract... Through this study, which aims to assess the soil to follow sustainable management, which requires the development of a database so that the quality of the soil and its productive capacity is determined, the study area located southeast of the Al Jabal Al Akhdar was selected on a circle of latitude (°32.574) and longitude (°22.670), which is located within the area's most vulnerable to overgrazing and unsustainable agricultural activity, which compilation of 12 soil samples Mollisols, a compilation of 12 soil samples Aridisols And measure some physical, chemical and fertility properties of the soil. The results showed a relative difference in some soil properties. Soils of Aridisols type showed a relative deterioration in their properties with an average organic matter content of 0.7%, calcium carbonate of 24.33%, and bulk density of 1.38 g. cm3- had a silt-clay consistency and ranged in depth from 28.53 cm, NPK 300-6.5-5.04 mg. Kg 1 - pH Soil 8 .7 . While in the second type of soil, Mollisols showed an average percentage of organic matter of 1.05%, calcium carbonate 19.41%, and bulk density1.36 g.cm 3- it has a clay-silt texture and a depth of 50.83 cm, NPK 525 – 9.07 – 6.07 milligrams. Kg 1 - pH Soil 8.1. This assessment gives the possibility of benefiting from these soils without degrading the productive capacity, especially since these soils are located within marginal soils with pastoral and agricultural activity based on rain-fed agriculture. The results have shown that Mollisols soils are a priority in investment compared to Aridisols soils, so it is preferable to develop a management program for these soils and further research and study to reach the best recommendations that achieve sustainable benefit and are appropriate to the conditions of the south of the Al Jabal Al Akhdar region.
Abstract... Afield experiment was carried out during the growing season 2018/2019 at the Agricultural Research Station in the Al-Kufra region, which is located in the southeast of Libya, between latitudes of 24°12′ N and 23° 17′ S, with the aim of investigating the effect of the plant spacing between plants (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 cm) within the row on yield and some growth characteristics of corn plants under the environmental conditions of Al-Kufra region and determining the best distance between plants. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) was applied, and the following characteristics were studied: plant height (cm), number of days required for flowering of 50% of the tasseling and silking, ear length (cm), ear diameter (cm), number of rows per ear, number of ears per plant, number of grains per ear, weight of one thousand grains (gm), and the grain yield, ton/ha. The experiment data were analyzed statistically and the results concluded that there were significant differences between plant spacing in the characteristics of plant height, ear length, number of grains per ear, thousand grain weight and grain yield. The results did not show any significant differences in the characteristics of the number of days required for the flowering of 50% of the tasseling and silking, diameter of the ear, number of rows per ear and the number of ears per plant. It was found from this study that the application of the distance of 25 cm between the plants inside the row gave the highest grain yield for corn plant grown under the environmental conditions of Al-Kufra region.
Abstract... An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of iron (40, 60,80, 100 mg) on bodyweight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of broiler chicks. There were four treatments and the control without supplementation . Performance of broiler chicks evaluated on the basis of body weight, gain in weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio for five weeks. the results showed indicated that there was significant influence of treatments on the performance of broiler chicks based on body weight and gain weight and feed in take difference amount the fortified diets and the control .the highest mean body weight was T1(2380g) and highest mean gain weight was T1(2336g) and highest mean feed intake was T1(4600g) .the feed conversion ratio was no significant difference amount the fortified diets and the control. As the results showed indicated that there was no significant between treatments(T1,T2,T3,T4) .It was found that the supplementation of the diets with iron allowed a healthy, positive growth performance of the birds since there was no mortality. It could be considered as a good option to fortify broiler diets in order farmers to produce healthy broilers
Abstract... Exposure to pesticides can result in various liver diseases, as well as an imbalance in vital enzymes for both humans and animals. However, it has been suggested that an alcoholic Eruca sativa extract may help reduce the toxicity of cypermethrin. In order to study the effects of this extract, biochemical measurements were taken from blood serum and tissue sections using a rotary microtome and H&E stains. The Cobas integra 400 device from Roch, a German company, was used to measure blood serum enzymes including ALP, ALT, AST and LDH. The study conducted revealed that cypermethrin had an impact on the biochemical measurements and histological composition of the liver of common Quail birds. The enzyme ALT showed a slight increase (0.470±6.286), while AST showed a moderate increase (287.71±18.46), but these changes were not statistically significant (P˃0.05). The examination of the liver tissue showed changes in the parenchymal cells that make up the liver tissue. The liver cells increased in size and changed shape from multifaceted to cells with different shapes. Furthermore, there was decomposition and rupture in the connective tissue, which led to disintegration and non-coherence of the cells. The study found that the alcoholic extract of Eruca sativa reduced pesticide toxicity by improving biochemical measurements, which was similar to the control group. It also helped reduce damage to liver tissues in the group treated with pesticide and then given alcoholic Eruca sativa extract
Abstract... This study was conducted to evaluate the concentration of some heavy metals and their effect on public health in some of the most consumed vegetables in the Brack Al Shatii area. The heavy metals Cd, Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cu were estimated. Some vegetables included spinach, Spinacea oleracea (Metalnus), and Petroselinum crispum (mill.) Nym. (Parsley), Lactuca sativa L. (Lettuce), Daucus Corota L. (Carrot), Allium cepa L. (Onion), Solanum tuberosum (Potatoes), Solanum melongena L. (Eggplant), Zucchini, and Cucurbita Pepo (Courgette). The mean concentration of the measured heavy metals in the vegetables ranged from 0.75 - 2.77, 68.35 - 246.94, 6.90 - 42.67, 11.53 - 56.37, 1.95 - 20.13, and 0.88 - 8.13 mg/ kg dry weight, respectively. The average concentration of these metals in the soil samples was 0.13, 272.21, 3.03, 16.57, 10.68, 25.84, and 1.41 mg/kg. DWT, the lead concentration was below the sensitivity of the device. The results show that used fertilisers such as diammonium phosphate (DAP) contain some concentrations of Cd, Zn, Fe, Cr, and Ni (1.15, 33.0, 6.4, 3.3, and 2.6 mg/kg dwt, respectively, as impurities, whereas, Urea has low concentrations of these elements. The results showed a concentration of the measured heavy metals was within the permissible limits for human consumption according to the specifications of WHO/FAO (2001). The coefficient of concentration of heavy elements in vegetables recorded the highest values for chromium, zinc, cadmium, and manganese, respectively. The highest pollution coefficient index for heavy metals was reported in Parsley, carrots, and Spanish. The results showed that the risk index for these elements was cadmium, which had the highest risk index, followed by manganese, nickel, and chromium.
Abstract... The study aimed to assess the performance of various soft wheat strains during the 2021/2022 season in the Al-Jabal Al-Khdar region at the Awailiya station. Nineteen strains, sourced from the Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD), along with a local variety (Buhooth 210), were included in the experiment. The experiment utilized a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The findings indicated no significant differences in the number of days to heading and maturity among the strains. However, notable differences were observed in plant height, with ACSAD 1472 exhibiting the tallest plants (88.40 cm) and ACSAD 1562 the shortest (73.33 cm), while the local variety measured at (77.66 cm). The number of spikes/m2 showed no significant differences. In terms of spike length, ACSAD 1560 displayed the longest spike (10.90 cm), and ACSAD 1532 the shortest (8.40 cm), while the local variety measured at (9.80 cm). ACSAD 1538 had the highest number of grains per spike (38.9), with ACSAD 1514 recording the lowest (32.06), while the local variety measured at (32.06). In the thousand grain weight category, ACSAD 1550 exhibited the highest weight (39.76 g), ACSAD 1472 the lowest (30.56 g), and the local variety at (36.86 g). Additionally, ACSAD 1389 yielded the highest grain yield (1.63 ton/ha), ACSAD 1532 the lowest (0.777 tons/ha), with the local variety recording (1.116 tons/ha).
Abstract... Bacterial leaf spot (Bls) disease caused by Xanthomonas spp. is one of the most economically important bacterial diseases that attack stone fruit trees and almond trees in particular. We conducted the current study to determine and identify the causative pathogen, Xanthomonas spp., of almond trees at the University of Benghazi farm in the Suluq district. We used biological and morphological features such as gram stain reaction and bacterial colony color on growth medium as tools for accurate identification. Results in the present study showed that Xanthomonas spp. was the main causative of leaf spot disease on almond trees in Suluq district
Abstract... This research primarily aimed to study the cognitive level of olive farmers regarding olive productivity in the Al-Murj region and to determine the relationship between the cognitive level of olive farmers and olive productivity as a dependent variable, along with some studied independent variables. The study also sought to identify some personal, social, economic, and communication characteristics of the respondents, assess the general knowledge of the respondents about olive cultivation, and identify the problems they face from their perspective, along with proposed solutions. The study was conducted in the Al-Murj region, considered one of the important agricultural areas in Libya. The region is characterized by a predominantly agricultural nature, with a large agricultural area featuring diverse soil, ample water resources, and a climate suitable for cultivating various crops and agricultural plants, including olive trees. The research covered 120 specialized olive farms in the cities of Al-Murj, Al-Sahel, and Jardas. A random sample of 30 farms, representing 25%, was selected for the study. Data were collected through personal interviews using a questionnaire specifically designed for this study. The data were analyzed using statistical methods such as frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation coefficient with the SPSS statistical software. The key findings include the majority of respondents falling into the working age category. Results also show a relatively high educational level among the respondents, with approximately 70% having higher education. The majority of respondents were married (92%), and the study indicated an increase in farm ownership among the respondents. The research findings highlighted a decrease in the percentage of those who connect with information sources, leading to limited benefit. The study identified various problems faced by the respondents, and their proposed solutions were often deemed ineffective. The study revealed a relatively high general knowledge level about olive cultivation, but a decrease in the cognitive level regarding olive productivity, with 80% of respondents falling into this category. The results indicate a significant inverse relationship between the cognitive level of olive farmers regarding olive productivity and the studied independent variables, including age, educational level, farm ownership, and general knowledge of olive cultivation. Based on these results, the statistical hypothesis related to these four variables was rejected. Additionally, the results show a non-significant relationship with marital status and information sources, leading to the inability to reject the statistical hypothesis related to these two variables