Printing ISSN2708-857X
Online ISSN 2708-8588
Online ISSN 2708-8588
Abstract... The study was conducted in collaboration between the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research and the Faculty of Agriculture- Damascus University. The experiment was carried out in Taiba Research Station of General Commission for Agricultural Research during the two seasons 2017/2018 in order to investigate the effect of foliar application of maleic hydrazide (MH) at 20 days before harvest with /4/ concentrations 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 mg/l in addition to the control (spray with water) in some qualitative characteristics and storability indicators of local red and imported Onion variety "Dora" during of storage at natural conditions. The experiment was designed according to the complete randomized design. The results indicated that local red Onion variety had significant difference compared to the second one in qualitative characteristics and the storability studied indicators (dry matter percentage, total soluble solids percentage, weight loss percentage, and sprout percentage).
The foliar spray of high concentrations (2000 and 2500 mg/l) led to significant increase in dry matter content and total soluble solids percentage at the harvest and the end of storage, it also resulted in significant decrease in sprout percentage and weight loss compared with the control. There was also a significant interaction between spray date and the applied concentrations in sprout percentage, weight loss, dry matter content and total soluble solids during the storage. In conclusion the use of malic hydrazide at the concentration of 2000 or 2500 mg/l at 20 days before harvest led to decrease the sprout and weight loss percentage and improve bulb's qualitative characteristics during storage of onion crop.
Abstract... This study was conducted during the season 2005/2006 in the farm of Misurata Agricultural Research Station (32 21 46 N, 14 58 46 E) to investigate the effect of different levels of irrigation water salinity on the yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). Three types of irrigation water were used, W1, W2, and W3, with electrical conductivity (ECw) of 2.0, 6.5, and 10.0 mS/cm, respectively. The above-ground biomass, grain yield, straw yield, 1000 kernel weight, water productivity and harvest index were recorded. Data were statically analyzed by general linear model of SPSS. Results showed that the only significant difference between irrigation water treatments was recorded for harvest index with W1, which significantly exceeded W2 and W3. All other studied traits under all water treatments, did not show any significant differences. Regarding soil salinity, it was observed that the use of W1 led to a significant decrease in soil salinity at the end of the experiment compared to what it was before, especially in the surface layer. The use of W2 and W3 led to higher soil salinity than it was prior to the beginning of the experiment. From this study, it is concluded that satisfactory fenugreek grain yield of up to 1.5 tons / ha, can be obtained using saline irrigation water with EC up to 10 mS/cm. In order to mitigate soil salinization and degradation, specific managing practices should be implemented when using such qualities of irrigation water. These practices could be alternation between saline and fresh water whenever it is possible, or applying a suitable leaching fraction with each irrigation to prevent salt accumulation in the root zone and to maintain sustainable soil productivity.
Abstract... A field experiment was conducted during 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 agricultural seasons at the Field Crops Research Unit, Research Station of the College of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, with the aim of studying the effect of modifying the source-sink relationship on grain weight, furthermore, studying the efficiency of the dry matter partitioning and the possibility of suggesting important selection criteria to enhance yield potential. Two varieties of six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were used. The experiment was carried out under full irrigation under a completely randomized block design with three replications. At flowering, the flag leaf removal treatment was carried out for ten culms, as well as removing half of the spikelets lengthwise from the spikes of other ten culms to adjust the ratio between the source and the sink. Other culms were also selected to be used as a control, and this factor was considered as a secondary factor within the main plots, which represent the varieties, then another sub-secondary factor was adopted, which is the position of the grain on the spike, so that the spike was divided into three parts (upper, middle, and lower), and the split-split plot design was adopted. Results showed that the two varieties did not differ in general in grain weight, as it was 40.88 mg for ACSAD-176 variety and 40.14 mg for Raihan variety (P = 0.780). The effect of the different treatments on grain weight was highly significant compared to the control treatment (P = 0.010). This effect was more pronounced when treated with half of the spikelets removed (44.41 mg) compared to the control treatment (39.57 mg), whereas, the grain weight after removing the flag leaf (37.55 mg) did not differ significantly from the control treatment, which confirms that these two varieties are source limited. The factor most influencing grain weight was the position of the grain on the spike (P < 0.001). Average grain weight in the middle part of the spike (43.32 mg) was the highest, which differed significantly from the grain weight in the upper and lower parts (39.46 and 38.75 mg) respectively. One of the most important morphological traits that enhances the negative relationship between stems and spikes is the plant height, and this is also observed from the negative relationship between this trait and the percentage of dry matter partitioned to the grains. This competitive relationship for dry matter also appears at the spike level between the chaff (glumes, awns and rachis) and the produced grains. It appears that spike length is one of the most important traits that supports enhancing the proportion of dry matter directed to the grains, which can be one of the selection criteria to increase yield potential.