Printing ISSN2708-857X
Online ISSN 2708-8588
Online ISSN 2708-8588
Abstract... Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 agricultural seasons at the Field Crops Research Unit, Research Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, with the aim of identify the important selection criteria of yield under rain-fed conditions for a set of genotypes derived from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). In this experiment, eight genotypes were used and they were compared to the standard durum wheat variety “Karim”. Results showed significant differences in yield (grain weight per square meter) between the two seasons, where the average yield in the first season was 235g per square meter, which is almost double of the yield achieved in the second season, which did not exceed 110g per square meter. In addition, the genotypes differed from each significantly in yield as an average of the two seasons. The only yield component in which the genotypes showed significant interaction with the agricultural seasons was the thousand grains weight. This significant relationship was most evident in the two lines ICARDA-13 and ICARDA-23, which produced the highest weight per thousand grains (57.6 and 58.7 grams) respectively during the first season. On the other hand, there was not any significant differences amongst genotypes in the weight of one thousand grains ‘if the ICARDA-18 line was excluded in which its weight of the grain decreased significantly’ when exposed to drought in the second season. The superiority of ICARDA-13 and ICARDA-23 in one of the most important quality traits, that is the grain weight, and not statistically different from the check variety in yield, gives them preference comparing with the check. High biological weight is the most physiological component explaining yield, which is also associated with increasing the grain weight. This is one of the valuable selection criteria and an important indicator in plant breeding programs to increase yield even while maintaining current harvest indices.
Abstract... Black scurf disease on potatoes Solanum tuberosum L. caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn was considered as destructive disease due to its effect on tuber quality by producing dark brown to black coloured hard masses of sclerotia, irregularly shaped and superficial, varying from small, flat, barely detectable blotches to large and raised lumps adhering tightly to the tuber skin. Five field experiments were conducted on Jafara plan research station at Zahra area which is far with 65 km from Tripoli /Libya during spring 2006 up to spring 2008 seasons. The objectives of this research were to control the black scurf disease by using biological products (Biocont-T), prepared suspension of Trichoderma harizianum and selected fungicides Rizolex (Tolclofos-methyl (%50, Rovral (Iprodione 50%), Miltox special (Zineb 37%+Copper 20%), Remalten (Cymoxanil 64%+Mancozeb 8%), Tachigreen (Hymexazol 30%) and their effects on productivity of potato crop through tuber dressing and soil treatment before planting. Soil samples were taken from experiment’s plots to be sure that the causal agent in the soil. Obtained results showed presence of seven fungal genera were isolated from soils on potato dextrose agar with variable population densities. The highest population were Aspergillus spp. and, Penicillium spp. followed by Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium sp., Rizopus sp. then the lowest one was Fusarium sp. Results showed that Biocont-T with dose 4gm, laboratory prepared Tricoderma suspention, Rizolex, Rovral, Miltox special, Tachigreen, Remalten were very effective to control black scurf disease by reducing disease incidence and severity which was 3.7 %,11.8% in Biocont –T and, 2%,4% in Rizolex treatments, and the heights' 65.3%, 84% in control plots. The results described the efficacy of Biocont-T, Rizolex, Rovral and, Miltox special which were 80.6%, 85.4%, 85.4, and 73.5% respectively in black scurf disease. Our results revealed a good success in black scurf control by using biological products containing Trichoderma, and fungicides through tuber and soil treatment which resulted in an-increase in potato production and improvement of tuber quality under Libyan conditions. Research should also be under taken in order to get local isolates of Trichoderma spp. against Rhizoctonia solani Kühn the causal agent of black-scurf disease.
Abstract... Pediatric infant formula (PIF) is the used food to replace the breast milk. PIF is implicated with outbreaks around the world as it is not a sterile product. It is recommended by WHO to prepare the formula at 70°c. In this study, PIF tins were collected from the local market. Microbial flora was counted and identified, ingredients were compared to the Libyan standards and preparation method was assessed whether they fit Libyan codes and FAO/WHO recommendations. Antibiotic sensibility test was applied for all isolates. The ingredients were similar in each level, However, different brands recommended different temperatures to add the powdered formula in. some pathogens were isolated such as Cronobacter sakazakii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, E. coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter spp. and Klebsiella Spp. which responsible for diseases worldwide. This study, insists that mothers should be informed about the risk could be caused when PIF is un-correctly prepared, as well as Libyan codes should be upgraded to meet the FAO-WHO recommendations.
Abstract... A field study was conducted at the Research and Experiment Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, during the growing season 2020-2021. With the aim of evaluating the ability of (BactorrS13) bacteria as a biofertilizer on barley productivity by increasing the availability of nutrients, specifically phosphorous. This approach was achieved by using (BactorrS13) containing a mixture of bacteria (Bacillus sp.) under different levels of phosphorous (phosphate rock) (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg p/ha) compared to barley grown without adding bacteria on yield of barley (Rayhan variety), in order to reduce the need to use chemical phosphorus fertilizer and increase plant productivity. The results showed a significant response to inoculation with BacterrS13 bacteria and phosphate rock rates (plant length, spike length, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, hay yield), where the uninoculated plants had a very limited response compared to the inoculated plants. Also, plants with high levels of phosphate rock had a much greater response compared to plants with limited levels of phosphate rock. Whereas, at the higher rate (120 kg P/ha), there was a decrease in the response to the studied traits. The percentage of increase in the productivity of barley was estimated by 49.2% in plants inoculated with bacteria compared to the uninoculated at the rate (80 kg P/ha), while the percentage of increase in the productivity of hay was estimated by 12.4% in plants inoculated with bacteria compared to the uninoculated at the same rate
Abstract... Cereal crop production is challenged by biotic and abiotic stresses such as pests, pathogenic, heat, drought, and salinity. This study was conducted to assess and compare the effect of salinity stress on germination and seedlings growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Salambo), and barley ((Hordeum vulgare L., cv Rihan 03), with triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack, cv. line 3(cume). Seeds of each plant species were treated with 0mM NaCl (control), 80mM NaCl, and 160mM NaCl at the germination and early growth stage. A complete randomized design (CRD) experimental layout was used with four replications. The results indicated that the independent effect of salinity treatment was highly significant (P <.0001) for all investigated traits. The independent effect of plant species was highly significant (P <.0001) for all investigated traits excluding germination percentage. Also, the study revealed that there was a statistically significant two-way interaction between salinity stress and plant species (P< 0.05) for all investigated traits excluding final germination percentage. Results showed that under high salinity stress conditions (160mM NaCl), barley and triticale had the highest germination speed compared with bread wheat. The results indicated that salinity significantly decreased water uptake percentage, shoots and roots length, fresh and dry weights of seedlings. However; barley proved to be the most salinity efficient cereal, had the highest dry matter production followed by triticale, and bread wheat had the last seedlings dry weight. This study concluded that under salinity stress, barley followed by triticale demonstrates promising salt tolerant cereals crops that can be cultivated in dry, saline, and degraded lands with the same experiment situation.
Abstract... The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of breed and some non-genetic factors on the weight at birth. This study was carried out on eighty four Libyan Barbary lambs and their crosses Sudanese Kababish at a private sheep farm at Misurata region northern Libya, during the spring and autumn of 2020. The lambs were weighed immediately after birth. SPSS statistical program was used to estimate the effect of breed, sex of lamb, season of lambing and type of birth. The results showed `that the breed, sex of lamb and type of birth are important factors that affect birth weight (P<0.05), while the effect of season of birth on birth weight was not significant (P>0.05). The average birth weight for Libyan Barbary sheep and hybrids for spring and autumn births were 3.98 ± 0.89, 4.78 ± 0.90, 4.38 ± 0.84, 4.38 ± 1.1 kg, respectively, and the average birth weight for single births, twins, males and females were 4.58. ± 1.00, 4.16 ± 0.91, 4.59 ± 0.95, 4.01 ± 0.94 kg, respectively. It was concluded that consideration of non-genetic factors to design management strategies in combination with genetic selection strategies to improve future performance of the herd.