Printing ISSN2708-857X
Online ISSN 2708-8588
Online ISSN 2708-8588
https://doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2020.v02.01.01
Abstract... Determining variabilities of soil properties is important for ecological modelling, environmental predictions, precise agriculture, and management of natural resources. This study was aimed to examine Inverse distance weight (IDW) to predict the spatial variability of Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), Calcium Carbonate Percentage (% CaCO3) soil pH, Electrical conductivity and % Gypsum . The study area selected for this work consists of Ayn Hizam, Qaryat- Batth and Taknis.
Data for 220 randomly distributed representing soil profiles were encoded in spreadsheets, 198 of them were used for predicting the spatial variability in the GIS environment for ESP, % CaCO3, soil pH, Electrical conductivity and % Gypsum. The rest of Data (i.e. 22 representative soil profiles) were utilized to evaluate the maps produced using Kriging or IDW methods.
The results showed that using IDW method was trustable because the values of RMSE and R2 for all the IDW maps were within the acceptable range. The study suggested adopting the Geostatistical methods for studying spatial prediction for different soil proprieties. In addition, the study recommended updating soil data for the study area.
https://doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2020.v02.01.02
Abstract... Agriculture production faces a great challenge for the coming decades which is the food security for the ever-increasing world’s populations. The key role in sustainable agriculture production can be played by sustainable soil uses and management. Land evaluation for specific purpose is an important tool for land use planning. A number of land evaluation techniques have been developed to assess land for different uses. The parametric approach is one that combines various soil and site properties (parameters) that are believed to influence yield using mathematical formula. The Storie Index Rating was an early attempt at quantitative land evaluation and an example of parametric approach. The system has been widely applied around the world, for example, it was adapted in Libya. The Libyan modified index rating takes into account local conditions to determine the properties included. Local experiences were used to classify the soil suitability. The rating was taking into account eleven soil properties to produce an overall rating. This paper modified the productivity rating and produce computerized model which uses spreadsheet model for suitability analysis and integrates the results in geographic information system (GIS) environment. GIS allow modelling, running a range of soil use scenarios and data manipulate so that the optimal soil use can be identified to achieve sustainable development. In addition, it allow the comparison between different crops to select the most appropriate to local conditions and development goals. This paper is part of series research papers which uses concepts developed and applied in different area of Libya.
https://doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2020.v02.01.03
Abstract... Uncontrolled grazing can have deteriorative effects on soil properties. This paper studied the effect of different grazing intensities on soil physicochemical and hydraulic properties at Al-Khanasry Agricultural Station, Al-Mafraq, Jordan. In summer 2016. Treatments were (1) no-grazing (NG), (2) controlled grazing (CG), and (3) uncontrolled grazing (UnG) sites. Soil samples were collected from each site to determine bulk density (BD), aggregate stability (AS), soil organic matter (SOM), electrical conductivity (EC), soil acidity (pH), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Infiltration (F (t)) and hydraulic conductivity (HC) were measured in the field. Results showed that UnG significantly increased BD, Controlled and un-controlled grazing sites showed similar BD (P=< 0.05), the highest was in controlled grazing (1.47 g cm-3). Aggregate stability also increased under grazing condition (P=< 0.05) only in the surface layer (AS), The lowest AS in surface layer was observed in no-grazed plot (17.4%), while no significant difference (P=< 0.05) were observed between controlled and un-controlled grazing plots (24.6 and 24.8%), respectively. In significant (P=< 0.05) Grazing increased soil OM in surface layers. Un-controlled grazing area had significantly (P=< 0.05) higher OM content (3.5%) compared to the no-grazed, but not significant (P=< 0.05) from the controlled grazing area (3%). Grazing significantly decreased F(t) and HC when compared to NG. Grazing significantly (P=< 0.05) reduced cumulative infiltration. The highest cumulative infiltration was observed in no-grazed area while the lowest was in un-controlled grazing area. Also, significant results showed that Grazing reduced (HC), however no significant (P=< 0.05) differences were observed between controlled and un-controlled grazing areas (P=< 0.05). The higher HC was in no-grazed site (0.172*103 cm s-1) while the lowest was in un-controlled grazing area (0.034*103 cm s-1). Therefore, controlling grazing intensity is recommended in these dry areas.
https://doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2020.v02.01.04
Abstract... Abstract
This experiment was conducted in Biotechnology research center BTRC for the purpose of studying the possibility of propagate Adiantum Capillus plant by using spores through plant tissues culture technology, which is one of the endangered plants in Libya. MS media was used in this study supplemented with some growth regulators (cytokines) of benzyl adenine BA and Kinten K at different concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0) mg / l. The results indicate that the growth of spores represented by the increase in the length and size of the vegetative masses in the MS nutritional medium equipped with BA growth regulator at a concentration of 2.0 mg / l is significantly higher than other treatments. The obtained plants were adapted by using growth medium of the Betmos and sand mixture in a ratio of 1: 2 in the growth room. The branches and roots formed when the plant moved to the greenhouse in the same medium of development.
https://doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2020.v02.01.05
Abstract... Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding different concentrations of plant growth regulators of Benzyl adenine BA, KIN and 2 iP to MS nutritional medium on the growth of single nodes of Capparis spinosa plant. The results showed that in plant length factor the treatments of 2 and 1 mg / liter 2iP were significantly higher compared with the other treatments and the obtained plants reached average length of 3,3.3,1 cm respectively in this treatments , while for the average number of branches and leaves factors , the treatment 2 mg / liter of BA was significantly higher compared with other treatments , the produced plants arrive to 3.6 branches and 14.1 leaves. For rooting system, the treatment of MS supplemented with IBA growth regulator with a concentration of 2 mg / liter was significantly higher for both length and number of roots . The obtained plants were adapted using different treatments but the treatment of mixture peat moss and sand 1: 2 was the best
https://doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2020.v02.01.06
Abstract... This preliminary study aimed to determine the moisture content and isolation and identification of some fungi- genus of Aspergillus and Penicillium in 19 raisins samples (10 locals and 9 imported) randomly collected from different local markets in Tripoli city, Libya. The study included the detection and quantification of ochratoxin (A) that could be present in the selected raisins samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\nResults indicated that the imported samples recorded the lowest moisture content vs. local samples (9.30% and 20.51%, respectively). Study results indicated that only two ”%” local raisins samples having more moisture content than 18%. As far as fungi isolates, 76 fungi isolates were detected in all samples. Based on morphological and cultural characteristics, four species of such isolates belong to the genus Aspergillus while 3 species belong to the genus Penicillium. Using ELISA technique with a detection limit higher than 1.25 ng/gram, results revealed that 10 raisins samples (26.35%) contained ochratoxin (A) with an average concentration of 3.10 ng/gram.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\nWith the exception of two local c raisins samples that their moisture level was more than 18%, generally, results of this study were in confirm with Libyan Specification number 683-2013 set for the maximum permitted level of ochratoxin (A) in food and animal feed. In addition to codex standard number 67-1981\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\n
Abstract... Abstract
This experiment was carried out during the agricultural season 2017-2018 in the Samnu region, which is one of the southern Libyan regions, with the aim of identifying the optimum amount of nitrogen that gives the highest productivity of tricycle compared to wheat, as well as the effect of late cultivation on tricycle and wheat, as well as the impact of agriculture in saline soils and water on the growth indicators for wheat plants and tricycle.
In this study, wheat and tricycle were used and six levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 kg nitrogen / ha).
The results gave preference to the treatment of 150 kg nitrogen / ha for most growth indicators for wheat plant (leaf area, grain weight, straw weight, weight of the whole plant, and the treatment gave 200 kg nitrogen / hectare the highest height of the plant, while the treatment 250 kg nitrogen / ha gave the longest spike except There were no significant differences between them and the treatment with 150 kg nitrogen / ha.
As for the tricycle, the treatment gave 200 kg nitrogen / ha best results for all studied growth indicators.
As for the comparison between wheat and triticale plants, the preference of the wheat plant was greater than the wheat in relation to the weight of the grains or the yield and the weight of the straw or hay, and the reason for this is that the triticale plant was affected compared to the wheat in the late cultivation, where the late sowing prevented the triticale mulch at least two fillings. The wheat plant has a higher tolerance or resistance to salinity than the triticale plant.