AL-BARBAR, Aqil Mohammed. Ottomans and civilization. Scientific Journal of Faculty of Education, Misurata University , [S. l.], v. 1, n. 01, p. 1–42, 2014. Disponível em: https://journals.misuratau.edu.ly/edu/ojs/index.php/eduction/article/view/287. Acesso em: 6 nov. 2026.