adam, khalid and Momen Edres Momen, A. 2026. Political Transformations and the Rise of Median and Achaemenid Powers in the Ancient Near East 700–550 BCE. Scientific Journal of Faculty of Education, Misurata University . 14, 01 (Oct. 2026), 1–15. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36602/sjfe.2026.v14.i01.01.