The role of counselors in the schools is to improve students’ behavior and to enhance and to enhance their achievements to become useful, productive and adjusted people in their community. In general, the educational process and the culture of the people in Libya do not emphasis the role of counselors. There is also a lack of understanding among the administrators, teachers and family members toward the functions of the counselors. The aim of this research is to explore the functions of primary school counselors in Libya. Particularly, to know what the primary school counselors do in schools and what challenges they faced when they do their duties. This paper discusses the role and functions of the primary school counselors, and how they deal with the problems of the students in the school