Printing ISSN 2664 – 1674
Online ISSN 2664 – 1682
Online ISSN 2664 – 1682
Abstract... The current research deals with the subject of sound writing in Arabic Languge which has been studied by many researchers for a while. It discussess a number of related topics, namely the nature of the language of thought, how it is expressed, how different the languages are and how they are related to the language of thought. In addition, the meanings of international and private sound writing are discussed. At the end of this study, an attempt is made to answer an important question, which is whether it is possible to set symbols for Arabic sounds and adopt them as special symbols.
Abstract... The culture of any society influences thoughts, behaviors, trends, tastes and it can influence literature and poetry as well. Also, we are a reflection of our societies. Writers can show that effect in a clearer way more than others as they can reflect this impact by expressing their ideas through writing them down. That gift of writing gives the writers the ability to mirror their backgrounds, then their writings could be considered as a fingerprint which indicates their time, place and method.
There are many critical methodologies, and the historical approach is one of the first approaches that has received the attention of scholars in order to study the evolution of thought and language. In this study, the researcher aims at presenting and explaining the meaning of this historical approach by defining it and showing its importance in different scientific aspects. The researcher also tries to distinguish between the history of literature and the general history, showing the value of the historical approach in the old and modern Arabic criticism and putting it in the balance to illustrate its disadvantages and problems. At the end of the study, the researcher lists several results and confirms that the historical approach is important, but it cannot rely on itself. So, it needs and must be supported by the technical approach as the technical characteristics are necessary at every stage
Abstract... Al-Kindi was among the earliest Muslim intellectuals who meditated about the problematic of Mind and Transference. He proved with brilliant thought the relationship between mind and transference, and sought to reconcile between these two sources with rationality to reach certainty.
This reconciliation attempting was approved in Al-Kindi`s various works, represented by the letters mentioned in the research, as well as his believing that philosophy is concerned with the causes, reasons and the knowledge of information to reach facts and certainty. He divided philosophical science into figures and characters such as theory of rationality and Mathematics. Al-Kindi was interested in the inspiration of mind as a simple essence recognising things from their facts, set the essence ranks and divided it into four sections.
His ideas contained the evidence of the world`s existence, and the emersion of time stage in the matter of reconciling mind and transference. Immersing in an Arab-Islamic environment, He evaluated religious principles with a mental view, interpreting its concepts with rational evidence. Despite his early affiliation to Mutazila, He aspired to interpret the Holy Quran rationally, and tried to interpret Quranic concepts based on reason, which eliminates the suspicion of pure belonging to Mutazila, because this philosophical character is due to his firm faith in religion and philosophy at the same time.
Abstract... The golden rule (do unto others as you would have them do unto you) has become an important focal point in modern inter- faith dialogue with Muslims. As an ethical concept, it can be transferred, more or less, intact between different religions and philosophies, with or without the authority of scripture. This arti- cle aims to assist interfaith efforts with Muslims by examining the use of the golden rule in the works of 12th century Muslim mys- tic, ethicist, and theologian Abu¯ Ḥa¯ mid al-Ghazza¯ l¯ı (“Al-Ghazali”). Al-Ghazali is one of the most influential and popular of the clas- sical scholars of Islam, whose impact and appreciation is felt in the East and West, both within Islam and without. He applies the golden rule in various formulations as an axis around which great themes of religion are surrounded: God, purity of heart, justice, compassion, altruistic love, goodwill, human brotherhood, and neighborliness. Four texts are examined with specific attention paid to his most famous work, Iḥa¯’y‘Ulu¯m al-D¯ın.
Abstract... Teaching is described as one of important occupations and which plays an essential role in the prosperity of a society. If this job has not been promoted, there will not be specialists or experts in the different life aspects and all the society basic needs will be difficult to meet. In regard to this teachers` goals and students` attributes and needs had better be considered. The current study aims to find out the attributes of Faculty of Education students towards teaching as an occupation and how gender difference can affect the students` attributes. This study is significant as it might provide the students positive views about teaching. Also, the results of the study may help teachers to perform more effectively. Educational instructions may benefit from this study findings as they can be a benchmark or a criterion to have a reasonable knowledge of the students` attributes. To analyze the data of the study, the researcher used some statistical tools which were T-test, Percentage, the Mean and Standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that Faculty of Education students have positive attitudes towards teaching. However, it appears that female students outweigh the male students.
Abstract... This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of using flipped classroom model on learning English as a foreign language and students’ attitudes towards flipped classroom. The sample of study consisted of 31 students at Faculty of Arts, Misurata University. The participants were divided into two groups: 16 students for the experimental group and 15 students for the control group. The data collection tools used in this study were an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) test and a questionnaire to explore students’ attitudes towards flipped classroom. Participants in both groups were pre-tested using the EFL test before the experiment. Then, the experimental group was taught using flipped classroom strategy while the control group was taught using the traditional teaching method. After the experiment, students in both groups were post-tested using the EFL test while the questionnaire was administered to the students of the experimental group only. The results of the study showed that applying the strategy of the flipped classroom had a significant effect in increasing the students’ performances in learning English. The questionnaire responses showed positive attitudes regarding the use of flipped teaching.
Abstract... The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactional conversations between the native speakers (NSs) of English and the non-native speakers (NNSs) of English in a culturally mixed classroom. ESL learners need to be exposed to the second language through authentic and face to face interaction when they have opportunities to interact with NSs outside of the classroom (in real-life situations) and inside the classroom (through group work and pair work activities). Data were collected through conducting an ethnographic research in which classroom observation and semi-structured interviews were the primary data collection tools. Participants were eight MA students in the field of English Language Teaching (ELT) in Nottingham Trent University.
Results indicated that the participants need to improve cultural awareness and communication skills. In addition, NSs showed that they are willing to join a group work with NNSs as they can learn about other cultures, but in some cases, they find this tiring when the NNSs fail to participate due to certain factors. This might be due to language problems or little knowledge about the topic being discussed
Abstract... The present paper attempts to outline the importance of familiarity of the politeness phenomenon amongst the fifth and seventh semester students of English Department, Misurata University and elaborate its influence on the socio-cultural attitudes and values in different contexts. It focuses on the teachability of pragmatic aspects of English in regard to the speech acts of requests and apologies from the perspective of politeness in the classroom in order to foster the students’ awareness of the phenomenon of politeness and the appropriate strategies according to the context. It also intends to explore the types of strategies of requests and apologies which they use in their English productions and to discover whether there are any significant differences between students’ requests and apologies strategies with respect to their academic levels. The participants are a total of (48) students from two different levels in the English Department. It was found out that students were not aware of the direct relation between language and the phenomenon of politeness. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between students’ requests and apology strategies and their academic levels. The results also revealed the teachability of English pragmatic aspects of both requests and apologies which has led to raising the students’ pragmatic ability in producing polite requests and apologies.